haru Korean 하루한국어

haru Korean › Grammar › Level 1B › V-기 전에

V-기 전에 — before doing something — 'before …ing'

Before doing something — 'before …ing'. Korean grammar for beginner learners — Level 1B, lesson 7: 음악을 들으면서 밥을 먹어요 (Eating while listening to music — my daily routine).

What it means

-기 전에 means 'before …ing'. Add 기 전에 to any verb stem: with or without 받침 it is the same, a ㄹ stem keeps its ㄹ (ㄹ drops only before ㄴ, ㅂ and ㅅ) and 듣다 keeps its ㄷ (it changes only before a vowel): 자기 전에, 먹기 전에, 살기 전에, 듣기 전에. The two parts may have different people: 친구가 오기 전에 방을 청소해요 (I clean my room before my friend comes); with -(으)면서 it is always one person. 기 전에 never takes -았/었-; the verb at the end carries the time: 어제 자기 전에 창문을 닫았어요. A noun needs no 기, just 전에: 수업 전에, 식사 전에 (= 밥을 먹기 전에) — that comes next class, with 후에 and the verb form -(으)ㄴ 후에. -고 나서 ('after …ing') comes in Level 2A.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
-기 전에받침 O · 받침 X · ㄹ 받침 — the same자다 + 기 전에 → 자기 전에

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 2B, lesson 15; Yonsei University Korean 1-2, lesson 20; Sogang University Korean 2A, lesson 3; Ewha Womans University Korean 1-2, lesson 14; Hongik University Korean 1B, lesson 12; Hanyang University Korean 2-1, lesson 1.

Also in this lesson