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표현 정리 — set patterns review — I've tried it, all you need to do, I know how, and it's gone
Set patterns review — I've tried it, all you need to do, I know how, and it's gone. Korean grammar for upper beginner learners — Level 2A, lesson 12: 2A 정리 · 혼자서 해낸 한 학기 (Level 2A round-up — a term I got through on my own).
What it means
Four set patterns from Level 2A, each built with a second verb. -아/어 봤어요 (2A-3) tells what you have tried or experienced: 부산에 가 봤어요. -(으)면 돼요 (2A-6) says this is all you need to do: 이 버튼을 누르면 돼요 — gentler than -아야/어야 돼요 'you must'. -(으)ㄹ 줄 알아요 (2A-10) says you know how to do something because you have learned it; 'I don't know how' is -(으)ㄹ 줄 몰라요. -(으)ㄹ 수 있어요 'can' is wider: it also covers what the situation allows. -아/어 버렸어요 (2A-8) says something is completely done and gone, and shows how you feel about it — a pity (버스가 가 버렸어요) or a relief (숙제를 다 해 버렸어요). The first and the last follow 아/어 like -아요/어요; the middle two follow 받침 like -(으)면 and -(으)ㄹ.
Forms
| Pattern | When | Example |
|---|---|---|
| -아/어 봤어요 | tried · been — ㅏ · ㅗ → 아 · other vowels → 어 · 하다 → 해 | 가다 → 가 봤어요 |
| -(으)면 돼요 | that's all you need to do — 받침 O 으면 · 받침 X · ㄹ 면 | 가다 → 가면 돼요 |
| -(으)ㄹ 줄 알아요 | know how — 받침 O 을 · 받침 X · ㄹ ㄹ (✗ 몰라요) | 가다 → 갈 줄 알아요 |
| -아/어 버렸어요 | done and gone — a pity, or a relief | 가다 → 가 버렸어요 |
Key points
- One verb, four patterns: 가 봤어요 (I've been) · 가면 돼요 (that's all you need to do) · 갈 줄 알아요 (I know how) · 가 버렸어요 (it's gone — a pity, or a relief)
- -아/어 봤어요 and -아/어 버렸어요 follow 아/어 like -아요/어요 · -(으)면 돼요 and -(으)ㄹ 줄 알아요 follow 받침 like -(으)면 · -(으)ㄹ
Examples
- 혼자 여행해 봤어요? — 네, 부산에 혼자 가 봤어요.
- 이 버튼을 누르면 돼요. 여기에 이름을 쓰면 돼요.
- 저는 김치찌개를 만들 줄 알아요. 운전은 할 줄 몰라요.
- 버스가 벌써 가 버렸어요. 숙제를 다 해 버렸어요!
Where university textbooks teach it
This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 2A, lesson 3; Seoul National University Korean 2A, lesson 6; Seoul National University Korean 2A, lesson 8; Yonsei University Korean 2-1, lesson 3; Yonsei University Korean 2-2, lesson 12; Yonsei University Korean 2-2, lesson 17; Yonsei University Korean 3-2, lesson 20; Sogang University Korean 1B, lesson 4; Sogang University Korean 1B, lesson 7; Sogang University Korean 3A, lesson 2; Ewha Womans University Korean 1-2, lesson 15; Ewha Womans University Korean 2-2, lesson 14; Ewha Womans University Korean 3-1, lesson 7; Hongik University Korean 1B, lesson 10; Hongik University Korean 2B, lesson 7; Hongik University Korean 2B, lesson 12; Hongik University Korean 3B, lesson 12; Hanyang University Korean 1-2, lesson 6; Hanyang University Korean 2-1, lesson 4; Hanyang University Korean 2-2, lesson 8; Hanyang University Korean 3-2, lesson 11.