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haru Korean › Grammar › Level 3B › A-(으)ㄴ · V-는 · V-(으)ㄹ 모양이다 —많이 피곤한 모양이에요

A-(으)ㄴ · V-는 · V-(으)ㄹ 모양이다 —많이 피곤한 모양이에요 — it looks like … · it seems … — a careful guess from what you see or hear

It looks like … · it seems … — a careful guess from what you see or hear. Korean grammar for intermediate learners — Level 3B, lesson 3: 운동을 했더니 몸이 좋아졌어요 (I exercised and now I feel better — body and results).

What it means

-는 모양이다 makes a guess from evidence — something you can see or hear: 민수 씨가 계속 하품을 해요. 많이 피곤한 모양이에요 'Minsu keeps yawning. He seems to be really tired.' 모양 means 'shape, look', so the idea is 'it has the look of …'. Adjectives take -(으)ㄴ 모양이다 (피곤한, 좋은; 힘들다 → 힘든, as ㄹ drops), and a noun takes 인 모양이다 (시험 기간인 모양이에요). Verbs, and words ending in 있다/없다, take -는 모양이다 (다니는, 맛있는). For something that has already happened, a verb takes -(으)ㄴ 모양이다: 어젯밤에 늦게 잔 모양이에요 'he must have gone to bed late last night'. For something about to happen, -(으)ㄹ 모양이다: 곧 비가 올 모양이에요 'it looks like it's going to rain soon'. It is very close to -나 보다 and -(으)ㄴ가 보다 (Lessons 3A-3 and 3A-4), but it sounds a little more careful and neutral, which is why you also hear it at work and in the news (비가 올 모양입니다). Two limits: you need a reason you can see or hear — for a plain opinion, use -는 것 같다 (Lesson 2A-4) — and you don't use it about yourself, because you know your own state. The guess itself can be in the past: 많이 피곤한 모양이었어요 'he seemed very tired'.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
A-(으)ㄴ 모양이에요형용사 · N이다 — 받침 O 은 · 받침 X · ㄹ ㄴ좋다 + 은 모양이에요 → 좋은 모양이에요
V-는 모양이에요동사 · 있다/없다다니다 + 는 모양이에요 → 다니는 모양이에요
V-(으)ㄹ 모양이에요앞으로 일어날 일 — 받침 O 을 · 받침 X · ㄹ ㄹ오다 + ㄹ 모양이에요 → 올 모양이에요

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 3B, lesson 12; Yonsei University Korean 3-2, lesson 20; Ewha Womans University Korean 2-2, lesson 14.

Also in this lesson