haru Korean › Grammar › Level 6A › V-(으)ㄹ 겸 V-(으)ㄹ 겸 (해서)

V-(으)ㄹ 겸 V-(으)ㄹ 겸 (해서) — partly to … and partly to … — two purposes in one trip

Partly to … and partly to … — two purposes in one trip. Korean grammar for high advanced learners — Level 6A, lesson 1: 서울 돌아보기 (Touring Seoul — city landmarks, a magazine article, news and speeches).

What it means

V-(으)ㄹ 겸 V-(으)ㄹ 겸 (해서) gives two purposes for a single action — 'partly to … and partly to …': 운동도 할 겸 구경도 할 겸 걸어갔어요. After a 받침 use -을 겸 (찍을 겸), after a vowel or ㄹ -ㄹ 겸 (할 겸, 만들 겸), and add 도 to each purpose. 해서 after the second 겸 is optional. With only one purpose, -(으)ㄹ 겸 (해서) hints that there is another reason as well: 바람도 쐴 겸 (해서) 나왔어요. Between nouns, N 겸 N means one thing doing two jobs: 아침 겸 점심, 카페 겸 서점. -았/었- never goes before 겸; the tense goes on the last verb.

Forms

Key points

• V-(으)ㄹ 겸 V-(으)ㄹ 겸 (해서) = partly to … and partly to …: 받침 O -을 겸 (찍을 겸) · 받침 X · ㄹ -ㄹ 겸 (할 겸 · 만들 겸). Each purpose takes 도: 운동도 할 겸 구경도 할 겸.
• One purpose: -(으)ㄹ 겸 (해서) — there is another reason too. N 겸 N = one thing, two roles (아침 겸 점심). No -았/었- before 겸; the main verb comes last: 가다 · 오다 · 나가다 · 들르다.

Examples

• 한 가지 일을 하는데 목적이 두 가지일 때 써요: 운동도 할 겸 구경도 할 겸 걸어갔어요.
• 받침 O → -을 겸: 찍을 겸 · 받침 X · ㄹ 받침 → -ㄹ 겸: 할 겸 · 만들 겸
• 목적이 하나일 때는 「-(으)ㄹ 겸 (해서)」: 바람도 쐴 겸 (해서) 나왔어요.
• N 겸 N은 한 가지가 두 가지 일을 할 때: 아침 겸 점심 · 카페 겸 서점

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 5B, lesson 8; Sogang University Korean 5A, lesson 4; Ewha Womans University Korean 4, lesson 5; Hongik University Korean 4B, lesson 11; Hanyang University Korean 4-1, lesson 1; Yonsei University Korean 4-1, lesson 1.

Also in this lesson

• A/V-다고 해도 과언이 아니다 — it is no exaggeration to say — a strong claim you can stand behind
• A/V-(으)ㄹ 법하다 — likely · it makes sense — a guess that common sense supports, a reaction that is only natural
• V-(으)려나 보다 — looks as if … is about to — guessing what is going to happen from what you see

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