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A-(으)ㄴ N — describing a noun — an adjective in front of a noun

Describing a noun — an adjective in front of a noun. Korean grammar for beginner learners — Level 1B, lesson 10: 이 옷을 입어 보세요 (Try this on — clothes and describing things).

What it means

To put an adjective in front of a noun, change its ending to -(으)ㄴ. After 받침 add 은: 작다 → 작은 가방, 짧다 → 짧은 치마. After a vowel put ㄴ under the last syllable: 크다 → 큰 가방, 예쁘다 → 예쁜 치마, 따뜻하다 → 따뜻한 옷. A stem ending in ㄹ drops the ㄹ before ㄴ (Lesson 6) and takes ㄴ: 길다 → 긴 치마. Words ending in 있다 or 없다 take 는: 맛있는 김밥, 재미없는 영화. ㅂ adjectives change ㅂ to 우 and add ㄴ, just as 더워요 comes from 덥다: 더운 날씨, 가벼운 옷. A few keep their ㅂ, as their -아요 form shows — 좁다 → 좁아요 → 좁은 방. The form carries no tense; the time goes at the end of the sentence: 작은 가방을 샀어요. Verbs in front of a noun (-는) come in Level 2A.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
-은받침 O작다 + 은 → 작은
-ㄴ받침 X · ㄹ 받침 (the ㄹ drops)크다 + ㄴ → 큰
-는있다 · 없다맛있다 + 는 → 맛있는
-운ㅂ → 우 + ㄴ덥다 → 더운

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 1B, lesson 14; Yonsei University Korean 1-2, lesson 13; Sogang University Korean 1B, lesson 2; Hongik University Korean 1B, lesson 9; Hanyang University Korean 2-1, lesson 2; Ewha Womans University Korean 1-2, lesson 12.

Also in this lesson