haru Korean 하루한국어

haru Korean › Grammar › Level 1B › V-아야/어야 되다

V-아야/어야 되다 — have to · must — what you need to do

Have to · must — what you need to do. Korean grammar for beginner learners — Level 1B, lesson 5: 감기에 걸렸어요 (I caught a cold — body, symptoms, the doctor).

What it means

-아야/어야 돼요 means 'have to, must': 약을 먹어야 돼요, 'I have to take medicine'. Build it like -아요/어요: after ㅏ or ㅗ add 아야 (가야, 와야), after any other vowel add 어야 (먹어야, 마셔야), and 하다 becomes 해야. The usual short forms happen here too — 가 + 아야 → 가야, 마시 + 어야 → 마셔야 — and ㅡ words drop ㅡ: 쓰다 → 써야. 돼요 comes from 되다; 해야 해요 with 하다 means the same, but 돼요 is more common in speech. To ask 'Do I have to …?', just raise your voice: 내일도 와야 돼요? The past goes on the end only: 가야 됐어요 (or 가야 했어요).

Forms

PatternWhenExample
-아야 돼요last vowel ㅏ or ㅗ가다 + 아야 돼요 → 가야 돼요
-어야 돼요any other vowel먹다 + 어야 돼요 → 먹어야 돼요
해야 돼요하다 words공부하다 → 공부해야 돼요

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 1B, lesson 11; Yonsei University Korean 1-2, lesson 16; Sogang University Korean 1B, lesson 4; Ewha Womans University Korean 1-2, lesson 14; Hongik University Korean 1B, lesson 12; Hanyang University Korean 1-2, lesson 10.

Also in this lesson