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A/V-지 않다 — not — the long form: -지 않아요

Not — the long form: -지 않아요. Korean grammar for beginner learners — Level 1B, lesson 6: 피아노를 칠 수 있어요? (Can you play the piano? — abilities).

What it means

-지 않아요 is the long way to say 'not'. Take 다 off and add 지 않아요 — the same for verbs and adjectives, with or without 받침, and ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅂ and ㅡ words keep their stem: 듣지 않아요, 멀지 않아요, 춥지 않아요, 바쁘지 않아요. It means the same as 안 from Level 1A, Lesson 5: 안 쳐요 = 치지 않아요. With 하다 verbs, 안 goes just before 하다 (운동 안 해요), but 지 않아요 follows the whole verb (운동하지 않아요). In everyday talk 안 is more common; -지 않아요 sounds a little more careful and is used a lot in writing. Keep it apart from -지 못해요, taught just before: 피아노를 치지 않아요 means you don't play (you choose not to), while 피아노를 치지 못해요 means you can't. Adjectives take only -지 않아요: 멀지 않아요. The past goes on 않다 at the end: 가지 않았어요.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
V-지 않아요verbs · 받침 O or X하다 + 지 않아요 → 하지 않아요
A-지 않아요adjectives · 받침 O or X바쁘다 + 지 않아요 → 바쁘지 않아요

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 2A, lesson 2; Yonsei University Korean 1-1, lesson 5; Sogang University Korean 1B, lesson 2; Ewha Womans University Korean 1-2, lesson 8; Hanyang University Korean 1-2, lesson 6.

Also in this lesson