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haru Korean › Grammar › Level 2B › V-기 전에 (1B 복습·확장)

V-기 전에 (1B 복습·확장) — before …ing

Before …ing. Korean grammar for upper beginner learners — Level 2B, lesson 1: 이제 매운 것도 잘 먹게 됐어요 (I can even eat spicy food now — how things changed).

What it means

-기 전에 means 'before doing …'. Take 다 off and add 기 전에 — 받침 does not matter: 먹기 전에, 자기 전에, 운동하기 전에. In the sentence the second half happens first: 밥을 먹기 전에 손을 씻어요 'I wash my hands before I eat'. You know N 전에 from Level 1B (수업 전에, 식사 전에), and after a length of time it means 'ago': 1년 전에 'a year ago'. -았/었- never goes before -기 전에; the tense is on the last verb: 자기 전에 샤워했어요 'I showered before I went to bed'. The second half can be a fact, a plan or advice: 수영하기 전에 준비 운동을 하세요. When the two halves have different subjects, mark the first one with 이/가: 친구가 오기 전에 방을 청소해요. (Here 기 is part of a fixed pattern; -기 as a noun ending comes in Lesson 4.)

Forms

PatternWhenExample
-기 전에동사 — 받침 O · 받침 X 모두먹다 + 기 전에 → 먹기 전에
N 전에명사 · 시간 (1B 7과)수업 + 전에 → 수업 전에

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 2B, lesson 15; Yonsei University Korean 1-2, lesson 20; Sogang University Korean 2A, lesson 3; Ewha Womans University Korean 1-2, lesson 14; Hongik University Korean 1B, lesson 12; Hanyang University Korean 2-1, lesson 1.

Also in this lesson