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N에 따르면 · N에 따라(서) — according to N — where information comes from, and what something depends on

According to N — where information comes from, and what something depends on. Korean grammar for upper intermediate learners — Level 4A, lesson 2: 조사 결과에 따르면 (According to the survey — reading figures and comparing).

What it means

Both patterns come from 따르다 'to follow'. N에 따르면 names the source of what you are about to pass on — the news, a survey, a teacher, a friend: 뉴스에 따르면 내일 눈이 많이 온대요 'According to the news, it's going to snow a lot tomorrow'. Because the information is someone else's, the end of the sentence normally reports it: -대요 or -다고 해요 in conversation (Lesson 3A-1), and in the news and in reports -다고 합니다 or -(으)ㄴ/는 것으로 나타났습니다 'it was found that …' (Lesson 3B-10): 조사 결과에 따르면 유학생의 46%가 아르바이트를 하는 것으로 나타났습니다. N에 따라(서) is different: it gives the standard that something changes with — 'depending on N, from N to N': 월세는 지역에 따라 많이 달라요 'Rent varies a lot from area to area'. It is followed by words of difference and change — 다르다, 달라지다, 차이가 있다 — or by a verb that changes with the standard: 계절에 따라 옷차림이 달라져요. Both attach to any noun in the same way, with or without 받침. Don't mix them up: 조사에 따르면 answers 'where does this come from?', 나이에 따라 answers 'what does it depend on?'. You met the same idea of 'following' in Lesson 4A-1: 선생님 말씀대로 'as the teacher said'. The tense goes on the verb at the end: 어제 눈이 많이 왔대요 · 날씨에 따라 계획이 달라질 거예요.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
N에 따르면어디에서 나온 이야기? — 뉴스 · 조사 · 사람의 말 · 받침 O · X 같아요뉴스 + 에 따르면 → 뉴스에 따르면 … -대요
N에 따라(서)기준 — 무엇에 따라 달라요? · + 다르다 · 달라지다 · 차이가 있다지역 + 에 따라 → 지역에 따라 달라요

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 4B, lesson 14; Yonsei University Korean 4-1, lesson 9; Sogang University Korean 4B, lesson 7; Ewha Womans University Korean 4, lesson 3; Hongik University Korean 4A, lesson 2; Hanyang University Korean 4-2, lesson 11.

Also in this lesson