haru Korean 하루한국어

haru Korean › Grammar › Level 4A › N에 비해(서) · N에 비하면

N에 비해(서) · N에 비하면 — compared with N — comparing figures, places and times

Compared with N — comparing figures, places and times. Korean grammar for upper intermediate learners — Level 4A, lesson 2: 조사 결과에 따르면 (According to the survey — reading figures and comparing).

What it means

N에 비해(서) compares something with N: 작년에 비해 유학생이 많이 늘었어요 'Compared with last year, there are many more international students'. It attaches to any noun in the same way, with or without 받침 (작년에 비해, 서울에 비해), and 서 can be added with no change in meaning (작년에 비해서). In meaning it is close to N보다 (Lesson 2A-4) — 작년보다 많이 늘었어요 — but it sounds more formal and careful, so it is the usual choice when you compare figures, places or periods in a presentation, a report or the news; with friends, N보다 is still the everyday word. The noun you compare with takes either 보다 or 에 비해, never both (작년보다 비해 ✗), and the thing you are talking about often takes 은/는: 서울에 비해 부산은 월세가 싸요. N에 비하면 'if you compare it with N' usually leads into a judgement, and it goes well with -(으)ㄴ 편이다 (Lesson 2B-3), which softens that judgement: 원룸에 비하면 기숙사는 싼 편이에요 'Compared with a studio flat, the dormitory is fairly cheap'. A third use means 'for N, considering N': 가격에 비해 맛있어요 'it's good for the price', 나이에 비해 젊어 보여요 'he looks young for his age'. 비해 itself never changes; the tense goes on the verb at the end: 늘었어요 · 늘 거예요.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
N에 비해(서) · N에 비하면받침 O · X 모두 같아요 — 명사 + 에 비해(서) · 에 비하면 (+ 내 생각: -(으)ㄴ 편이에요)작년 + 에 비해 → 작년에 비해 늘었어요

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 4A, lesson 3; Yonsei University Korean 4-1, lesson 9; Sogang University Korean 4B, lesson 8; Ewha Womans University Korean 2-1, lesson 2; Hongik University Korean 2B, lesson 8; Hanyang University Korean 3-1, lesson 6.

Also in this lesson