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N까지 (뜻밖의 끝) — even … — as far as something you'd never expect

Even … — as far as something you'd never expect. Korean grammar for upper intermediate learners — Level 4B, lesson 5: 그런 일까지 있다니 (Even that happened? — reacting to news of accidents and incidents).

What it means

N까지 adds one more thing to a list — the thing you would least expect: 소방관이 가게 안에 있던 고양이까지 구했대요 'the firefighter even rescued a cat that was inside the shop'. It takes the place of 이/가 or 을/를, and 받침 makes no difference: 트럭까지, 고양이까지. With other particles it goes after them: 할머니한테까지 'even to my grandmother', 은행에서까지 'even at the bank', 뉴스에까지 'even on the news'. You'll often hear it with N에 N 'on top of': 경찰에 소방차까지 'the police — and even fire engines'. Unlike 마저 (Lesson 4B-1), which marks the last bad thing that piles on, and 조차, which means 'not even' and usually comes with a negative, 까지 simply says 'that far' — so it fits bad news (사기 전화까지 왔어요) and good news (장학금에 상까지 받았어요) alike. It often comes with -다니 (Lesson 3B-8) when you can hardly believe it: 그런 일까지 있다니! The 까지 of 서울에서 부산까지 (Lesson 1B-4) is the same word marking an end point.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
N까지받침 O · X 모두 — 이/가 · 을/를 자리에 · 다른 조사 뒤에도(한테까지 · 에서까지)트럭 + 까지 → 트럭까지

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Yonsei University Korean 4-1, lesson 6.

Also in this lesson