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A/V-다면 — if … (which is not so) — imagining what is not true, now or in the past (Lesson 3B-2, now deeper)

If … (which is not so) — imagining what is not true, now or in the past (Lesson 3B-2, now deeper). Korean grammar for advanced learners — Level 5A, lesson 8: 일하는 사람들 (People at work — jobs changing with AI and remote work, and a panel discussion).

What it means

You know A/V-다면 from Lesson 3B-2. It can also imagine what is not true. A present that is not true: 미국 회사 일을 한국에서 할 수 없다면 여기 살 수 없을 거예요 'If I couldn't do my American job from Korea, I couldn't live here'. A past that did not happen: 한국에 오지 않았다면 지금쯤 베를린에서 일하고 있을 거예요 'If I hadn't come to Korea, I'd be working in Berlin by now'. In talks and essays, 만약 …다면 …(으)ㄹ까? opens a thought experiment: 만약 AI가 일의 반을 한다면? 'What if AI did half of our work?'

Forms

PatternWhenExample
-다면 (지금 · 앞으로)형용사 · 있다/없다 -다면 · 동사 -ㄴ/는다면 · 명사 (이)라면없다 → 일이 없다면
-았/었다면 (지난 일)일어나지 않은 지난 일오지 않다 → 한국에 오지 않았다면
… -(으)ㄹ 거예요 · -았/었을 거예요그 결과 (지금 · 그때)지금쯤 일하고 있을 거예요

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 5A, lesson 9; Seoul National University Korean 3B, lesson 11; Ewha Womans University Korean 3-2, lesson 10; Hongik University Korean 3A, lesson 2; Hanyang University Korean 3-1, lesson 3; Yonsei University Korean 3-1, lesson 3; Sogang University Korean 4B, lesson 5.

Also in this lesson