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N 개 · 병 · 잔 · 권 · 명 — counting things — noun + native Korean number + counter

Counting things — noun + native Korean number + counter. Korean grammar for beginner learners — Level 1A, lesson 9: 이거 주세요, 얼마예요? (This one, please. How much is it? — shopping and counting).

What it means

To count things, Korean says the noun first, then the number, then a counter — a small word for the kind of thing you count: 커피 두 잔 is 'coffee · two · cup', two cups of coffee. Use 개 for things in general, 병 for bottles, 잔 for cups and glasses (컵 works too: 우유 한 컵), 권 for books and 명 for people. Counters take the native Korean numbers from Lesson 8, and the same ones get shorter as they did before 시: 하나 → 한, 둘 → 두, 셋 → 세, 넷 → 네, 스물 → 스무. From 다섯 on nothing changes (다섯 개, 열 개), and 열한 · 열두 are just 열 + the short form. With 주세요 the noun usually has no particle: 커피 두 잔 주세요. With other verbs the particle stays on the noun, and the number and the counter come right before the verb: 교실에 학생이 다섯 명 있어요 · 빵을 세 개 샀어요. Ask how many with 몇 + the counter: 몇 개 있어요? 몇 명 있어요? One restaurant counter, 인분 'portion', takes the Sino-Korean numbers instead: 고기 이 인분.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
한 · 두 · 세 · 네1 to 4 — shorter before a counter하나 + 개 → 한 개
다섯 … 열5 to 10 — no change다섯 + 명 → 다섯 명
열한 · 열두 · 스무11 · 12 · 20 — the end gets shorter열하나 + 개 → 열한 개

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 1A, lesson 6; Ewha Womans University Korean 1-2, lesson 8.

Also in this lesson