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A/V-았을/었을 때 — when … (in the past) — a moment or a time that is over

When … (in the past) — a moment or a time that is over. Korean grammar for upper beginner learners — Level 2B, lesson 5: 여기서 사진을 찍어도 돼요? (May I take a photo here? — permission and experience).

What it means

-았/었을 때 means 'when … (in the past)': a moment or a time that was already over. It is the past -았/었- + -을 때 (Lesson 2A-8): ㅏ or ㅗ → 았을 때 (갔을 때, 왔을 때), everything else → 었을 때 (먹었을 때, 어렸을 때), and 하다 → 했을 때. With a noun: 학생이었을 때, 아이였을 때. Compare it with -(으)ㄹ 때: 한국에 올 때 비행기에서 영화를 봤어요 (on the way — the coming was still happening) · 한국에 왔을 때 비가 왔어요 (after I arrived). For a time in your past life, -았/었을 때 is the usual choice: 어렸을 때, 대학생이었을 때. The second half usually tells what happened then, in the past: 처음 김치를 먹었을 때 너무 매웠어요.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
-았을 때ㅏ · ㅗ가다 + 았을 때 → 갔을 때
-었을 때그 외먹다 + 었을 때 → 먹었을 때
했을 때하다도착하다 → 도착했을 때

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 2B, lesson 14; Sogang University Korean 2B, lesson 9; Ewha Womans University Korean 2-1, lesson 2.

Also in this lesson