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N(이)나 (수량 강조) — as many as … · as long as … — a number bigger than you expected

As many as … · as long as … — a number bigger than you expected. Korean grammar for upper beginner learners — Level 2B, lesson 7: 부모님한테서 연락이 왔어요 (I heard from my parents — news from home).

What it means

After a number and a counter, (이)나 means 'as many as, as long as' — the speaker feels the number is big: 사진을 스무 장이나 보냈어요 'she sent me twenty photos!', 두 시간이나 기다렸어요 'I waited two whole hours'. After a 받침 use 이나 (세 시간이나, 열 명이나, 두 그릇이나); after a vowel use 나 (다섯 개나, 세 마리나). Look at the counter, not the number. This is not the 'or' of Lesson 2A-1 (커피나 차), which goes between two nouns. 밖에 (Lesson 2A-11) has the opposite feeling, 'only': 한 시간밖에 못 잤어요. To react to a surprising number, say it back with (이)나요?: 세 시간이나요? The tense goes on the verb as usual: 어제 세 시간이나 기다렸어요.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
N이나받침 O세 시간 + 이나 → 세 시간이나
N나받침 X다섯 개 + 나 → 다섯 개나

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 2B, lesson 18; Yonsei University Korean 2-2, lesson 19; Ewha Womans University Korean 2-2, lesson 9; Hanyang University Korean 2-2, lesson 7.

Also in this lesson