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haru Korean › Grammar › Level 3B › V-고 말다 —거울이 깨지고 말았어요

V-고 말다 —거울이 깨지고 말았어요 — it ended up … · I ended up … — something nobody wanted, in the end

It ended up … · I ended up … — something nobody wanted, in the end. Korean grammar for intermediate learners — Level 3B, lesson 9: 거울이 깨지고 말았어요 (The mirror ended up broken — mistakes and apologies).

What it means

V-고 말다 says that something happened in the end although nobody wanted it — and you are sorry about it: 거울이 깨지고 말았어요 'the mirror ended up broken'. It is one form for every verb: take 다 off and add 고 말다 — 놓치고 말았어요, 잊어버리고 말았어요, 울고 말았어요. Because it looks back at how things turned out, you nearly always hear it in the past, and it often comes with 결국 'in the end' or 그만 'without meaning to': 결국 버스를 놓치고 말았어요, 그만 울고 말았어요. The tense goes on 말다, never before 고 (깨졌고 말았어요 ✗); -고 말 거예요 warns how something will end: 이렇게 늦게 자면 또 늦고 말 거예요. It is close to -아/어 버리다 (Lesson 2A-8), but -아/어 버렸어요 can also sound relieved — 숙제를 다 해 버렸어요! — while -고 말았어요 is always a sigh. In an apology it sounds honest, not like an excuse: 약속을 깜박하고 말았어요 'I'm afraid I forgot our appointment'. With -겠어요 it turns round and shows strong will: 이번에는 꼭 합격하고 말겠어요 'this time I'm going to pass, no matter what' — you will hear that in speeches and dramas.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
-고 말았어요동사 — 받침 O · 받침 X 모두 · 반말 -고 말았어깨지다 + 고 말았어요 → 깨지고 말았어요

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 3B, lesson 18; Yonsei University Korean 3-1, lesson 10; Sogang University Korean 5A, lesson 3; Hongik University Korean 4B, lesson 10.

Also in this lesson