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haru Korean › Grammar › Level 3B › 호격 N아/야 · 존대 표지 「요」 —수빈아! · 저요?

호격 N아/야 · 존대 표지 「요」 —수빈아! · 저요? — calling a friend by name — and making a short reply polite

Calling a friend by name — and making a short reply polite. Korean grammar for intermediate learners — Level 3B, lesson 8: 두 사람이 연인 사이라니요? (Those two are a couple? — rumours and hearsay).

What it means

Two little particles change how close or how polite you sound. When you call a close friend, or someone younger, add 아 to a given name that ends in a 받침 and 야 to one that ends in a vowel: 수빈아, 유나야, 안나야, 민수야. It belongs to 반말 relationships — friends your own age, younger brothers and sisters, children — and goes only after a given name (유나야, not 김유나야). In the middle of a sentence, a name with a 받침 often takes 이: 수빈이가 그랬어. Teachers, seniors and anyone older are called by a title instead — 선생님, 선배님 — and a classmate you don't know well by 이름 + 씨. The other particle is 요. Put it after a 반말 sentence and the sentence becomes polite — 먹어 → 먹어요, 진짜? → 진짜요? — and it can go after almost anything to make a short answer or question polite: 저요? 왜요? 지금요? 카페 나무요? 버스가 늦게 와서요. (After a noun with a 받침 you will often hear 이요 in speech: 내일이요?) Two cautions: 이다 changes — 학생이야 becomes 학생이에요, never 학생이야요 — and the 반말 endings -자, -니? and -구나 do not take 요. And watch 야 after a name: 유나야! calls Yuna, but 나 안나야 means 'it's me, Anna' (이다).

Forms

PatternWhenExample
N아 · N야부를 때 (친구 · 동생) — 이름 받침 O 아 / 받침 X 야수빈 + 아 → 수빈아
… + 요높일 때 — 반말 끝 · 짧은 말 뒤에 요먹어 + 요 → 먹어요

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Yonsei University Korean 1-2, lesson 17; Ewha Womans University Korean 1-2, lesson 13.

Also in this lesson