haru Korean 하루한국어

haru Korean › Grammar › Level 3B › 회상 · 추측 정리 —-던 · -았/었던 · -(으)ㄴ/는 모양이다 · -(으)ㄹ걸요 · -나 보다

회상 · 추측 정리 —-던 · -았/었던 · -(으)ㄴ/는 모양이다 · -(으)ㄹ걸요 · -나 보다 — looking back and guessing review — the … I used to …, the … I once …, it looks like …, I bet …, it seems …

Looking back and guessing review — the … I used to …, the … I once …, it looks like …, I bet …, it seems …. Korean grammar for intermediate learners — Level 3B, lesson 12: 3급 정리 · TOPIK II 맛보기 (Level 3 round-up — a taste of TOPIK II).

What it means

Level 3 gave you two ways to look back and three ways to guess. -던 (3B-1) recalls something that went on again and again, or that was not finished: 1급 때 매일 가던 카페 'the café I used to go to every day', 제가 마시던 커피 'the coffee I was drinking (and haven't finished)'. -았/었던 (3B-5) recalls something done once and over: 처음 왔을 때 마셨던 커피 'the coffee I drank when I first came'. With adjectives and nouns, both look back at how something used to be: 짧던 일기 · 세 줄이던 일기. The three guesses differ in how sure you are and where the idea comes from. -(으)ㄴ/는 모양이다 (3B-3) is a careful guess from what you see or hear — verbs -는 모양이다, adjectives -(으)ㄴ 모양이다, the past V-(으)ㄴ 모양이다 and what is about to happen V-(으)ㄹ 모양이다: 불이 꺼져 있어요. 벌써 퇴근한 모양이에요. -나 보다 (3A-4) is the everyday version — verbs and 있다 · 없다 take -나 봐요, adjectives -(으)ㄴ가 봐요 (바쁜가 봐요), the past -았/었나 봐요. Neither is used about yourself. -(으)ㄹ걸요 (3B-11) is a soft 'I bet' when you are not sure, often in answer to a question and said with a slight rise: 아마 도서관에 있을걸요 · 벌써 도착했을걸요. Don't mix it up with -(으)ㄹ걸 그랬다 (3A-5), a regret about yourself.

Forms

PatternWhenExample
-던used to · not finished — 받침 무관 · 형용사도 · 명사 N이던가다 → 가던
-았/었던did once — it's over · ㅏ · ㅗ 았던 · 그 외 었던 · 하다 했던가다 → 갔던
-(으)ㄴ/는 모양이다it looks like … — 동사 -는 · 형용사 -(으)ㄴ · 지난 일 V-(으)ㄴ · 곧 V-(으)ㄹ가다 → 가는 모양이에요
-(으)ㄹ걸요I bet … · probably — 받침 O 을걸요 · 받침 X · ㄹ ㄹ걸요 · 지난 일 -았/었을걸요가다 → 갈걸요
-나 보다it seems … — 동사 · 있다 -나 봐요 · 형용사 -(으)ㄴ가 봐요 · 명사 인가 봐요가다 → 가나 봐요

Key points

Examples

Where university textbooks teach it

This point also appears in: Seoul National University Korean 3B, lesson 10; Seoul National University Korean 3B, lesson 12; Seoul National University Korean 3B, lesson 15; Yonsei University Korean 2-2, lesson 15; Yonsei University Korean 2-2, lesson 17; Yonsei University Korean 3-1, lesson 7; Yonsei University Korean 3-2, lesson 13; Yonsei University Korean 3-2, lesson 20; Sogang University Korean 3B, lesson 5; Sogang University Korean 3B, lesson 7; Sogang University Korean 5B, lesson 3; Ewha Womans University Korean 2-2, lesson 14; Ewha Womans University Korean 2-2, lesson 15; Ewha Womans University Korean 3-1, lesson 5; Ewha Womans University Korean 3-2, lesson 9; Hongik University Korean 3A, lesson 1; Hongik University Korean 3A, lesson 3; Hongik University Korean 3B, lesson 10; Hanyang University Korean 3-1, lesson 2; Hanyang University Korean 3-1, lesson 5; Hanyang University Korean 4-1, lesson 4; Hanyang University Korean 4-1, lesson 6.

Also in this lesson